<p>The Prof. J. L. Budd, Sarah M., and Etta Budd House, also known as the Youth Recovery House, is a historic building located in Ames, Iowa, United States. It was built as a single family residence in 1885. The two-story brick structure was built using Italianate elements. After World War II it was converted into an apartment building, and later into institutional housing. The attached 1½-story Colonial Revival cottage was moved onto the property in 1963, and used for office space. The house is named for Joseph Lancaster Budd, a botanist at what is now Iowa State University, who helped establish the school&#39;s national reputation in horticulture. Sarah was his wife, and Etta was their daughter. She was an artist who was influential in bringing George Washington Carver to Iowa State College for his undergraduate education. Carver resided here briefly in 1891. The house was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001,</p><br>
<p>The Greenville Elks Lodge is a historic commercial and fraternal club building at 18 East North Street in Greenville, South Carolina. It is a rectangular four-story building, finished in brick and stone. The main entrance is a particularly distinguished example of transitional Art Deco/Moderne styling, with fluted details in the stone work, and a transom with Art Deco diamond patterning. It was built in 1949 to a design by William Riddle Ward, a prominent local architect. It is the only known work in this style by Ward, who was better known for revival style designs, and is one of Greenville&#39;s only Art Deco designs. The building was occupied by Greenville Elks Lodge 858 until 1991.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>Woodland is a two-story Victorian Eclectic-style house on 4 acre of property in rural Wheeler County, Georgia. It was built in c.1877 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Its NRHP nomination noted that it has "outstanding Gothic-style scroll-sawn detailing".</p><br>
<p>It has an L-shaped main section and a rectangular rear addition. The house was built by Walter T. McArthur (1837-1894), who inherited the property in 1877 and developed it as an element of the family&#39;s lumber plantation. The property was sold in 1917 to Emory Winship (1872-1932) who used it as a hunting estate.</p><br>
<p>The North Wells Street Historic District is a commercial historic district located on the west side of the 1200 block of North Wells Street in the Near North Side neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The district consists of seven buildings: four stores, two factories, and a firehouse. Built from 1871 to 1888, the buildings are an unusually intact block of what was once a much larger commercial district on the Near North Side. The four stores include a two-story frame storefront building, one of only six remaining from the post-Chicago Fire period in the city, and three three- or three-and-a-half-story store and flat buildings. The factories include a three-story loft and a two-story building that resembles the storefronts. The firehouse, known as Engine Company No. 27, is the second-oldest in the city.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 3, 1984.</p><br>
<p>The Peterson-Wilbanks House is a Classical Revival house in Vidalia, Georgia. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>It was designed and built by regional architect-builder Ivey P. Crutchfield (1878-1952).</p><br>
<p>It was deemed notable as "a good vernacular or small-town example of the Neoclassical style which had become prevalent or popular in American architecture at the turn of the century".</p><br>
<p>Almost directly across the street is the Leader-Rosansky House and nearby is the Crawford W. Brazell House, both also designed by Ivey P. Crutchfield and listed on the NRHP.</p><br>
<p>The Hunt Hill Farm is a historic farm property at Upland and Crossman Roads in New Milford, Connecticut. Also known as the Hine–Buckingham Farms, the 137 acre property encompasses two farm properties that remained family-run from the 18th to early 20th centuries. The property includes one 18th and several 19th-century farmhouses and other outbuildings. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. The farmstead is now home to The Silo at Hunt Hill Farm, an arts and culinary organization, while much of the land is held as conservation land by the town.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Hunt Hill Farm is located in a rural setting about 4 mi north of New Milford center, in the uplands on the east side of the East Aspetuck River. Its lands area combination of open fields and woodland, with the cluster of farm buildings set around the junction of Upland and Crossman Roads. It includes three houses, built roughly between 1760 and 1836, as well as several barns, stables, and other outbuildings. A prominent feature of the complex is a pair of circular silos, set close to the road junction in front of one of the barns.</p><br>
<p>The history of these farm properties dates to the early 18th century, and the earliest period of New Milfords settlement. Daniel Hine, a native Milford, settled in New Milford in 1737, and soon had a farm established here. Abel Buckingham began farming land adjacent to Hiness in 1775. The oldest of the three surviving houses was built about 1760 by Daniel Hines. By the mid-19th century, both families were engaged in dairy farming, sending their products to market via the Housatonic Railroad. The Hines farm was sold out of the family in 1908, while that of the Buckinghams remained in that family until 1972, when it was sold to the Hendersons. The Hines farm was purchased by the Hendersons in 1968, and the combined property was adapted by them to its present use as a culinary school and arts center.</p><br>
<p>The Aristocrat Motor Inn is a historic hotel building at 240 Central Avenue in Hot Springs, Arkansas. It is a large seven-story structure, with a six-story U-shaped tower set on a basically rectangular ground floor. It is finished in glass, brick, and metal, in the Mid-Century Modern style. The tower is organized around a central courtyard, with the interior facades in a sawtooth pattern to maximize light coming into the hotel rooms facing inward. The hotel was built in 1963 by Samuel Kirsch, a local businessman engaged in a variety of pursuits. It was one of the first hotels built along the city&#39;s Central Avenue to feature a Modernist exterior. It was operated as a hotel until 1978, and was after converted into low-income housing.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Lake Catherine State Park Prisoner of War Structures are two structures in the campground area of Lake Catherine State Park in Hot Spring County, Arkansas. One is a stone retaining wall, about 210 ft long and 9 ft tall, built out of native stone on a concrete foundation. It is laid out in a zig-zag pattern just south of the campground&#39;s main waterfront building, and is oriented with its faces generally directed eastward to the water. The other is an outdoor cooking area , also built of stone, located a short way west of the wall. Construction of both of these structures was begun in 1942 by crews of the Civilian Conservation Corps, but was interrupted when work ceased due to World War II. Both were then later completed by German prisoners of war who were housed nearby. They are believed to be unique in the state for this construction history.</p><br>
<p>The structures were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Keifer Croco farm was a stop along the Underground Railroad. This was a parallel route to Wooster east of the route through modern Shreve. Along with the John Croco farm, next door, served as waystations and hiding places for slaves moving northward, prior to the American Civil War. From here, the escapee would be transported to Thomas Smiths farm. Smith would then forward them to Isaac Daniel directly or via Daniel Clark in Apple Creek. The attic was designed to hide escaping slaves. A trap door was hidden in the ceiling provided access. The John Croco barn, a half-mile away had a cellar, where runaways could be sheltered. Bill and Rosanna Painter purchased and restored the Croco house around 2001. In 2018, the house was purchased by Craig and Gwen Zimmerly, where they continue to live with their three daughters.</p><br>
<p>ref name=Stallman/&gt;(pg 105)</p><br>
<p>Minaret Manor is a historic mansion house at 844 West Semmes Avenue in Osceola, Arkansas. Set on a landscape 5 acre parcel , it is a large -story brick Tudor Revival building. The lower portions of the house are finished in brick laid in stretcher bond, while gabled upper areas exhibit half-timbering with brick laid in a diagonal basket weave pattern. At the right front side of the main facade is a three-story turret with conical roof. The house was built in 1948 for Andrew J. Florida, the principal owner of a real estate empire that extend across eastern Arkansas and western Tennessee.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Hickman Mill Historic District encompasses an early 20th-century textile mill complex in Graniteville, South Carolina. It is located just south of the older Graniteville Mill, and is bounded on the north by Marshall Street, the east by Canal Street, and the south by Hard Street. The complex includes a large brick mill building, and the Classical Revival Hickman Memorial Hall. The mill was built by Tracy Hickman, whose father had succeeded William Gregg at the helm of the Graniteville Mill. The hall was built in 1908 as a place to provide recreational and cultural opportunities to the mill workers.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.</p><br>
<p>The Warren Mill is a historic textile mill complex at South Carolina Highway 421 and Trestle Pass  in Warrenville, South Carolina. It consists of a main four-story brick building, to which a number of one and two-story additions have been made. It was built in 1896-98 to a design by William B. Smith Whaley, a regionally prominent architect of industrial properties. The Warren Manufacturing Company was incorporated in 1896, and operated on the premises until 1919, when it was acquired by the Graniteville Mill Company. It operated the plant until its closure in 1982.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. In September 2023, construction began to convert the mill into an apartment community, repurposing the existing structure and also retaining the two steel water towers and the brick chimney.</p><br>
<p>The James Phinney House is a historic house northeast of the corner of Hall and Blaney Roads in rural northeastern Chester County, South Carolina. It is a -story clapboarded wood-frame structure with a side gable roof and end chimneys. It has a projecting gabled four-post Greek Revival portico sheltering the entrance, which is framed by sidelight and transom windows. The house was built about 1856, and is a well-preserved example of rural domestic Greek Revival architecture, a form that is not particularly common in the state.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.</p><br>
<p>Leader-Rosansky House is a Queen Anne and Classical Revival house in Vidalia, Georgia that was built in 1903. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It is a one-and-one-half-story, frame house. It has weatherboard siding and a hipped pressed metal roof. It is believed to have been designed by regional architect-builder Ivey P. Crutchfield (1878-1952), based on its Georgian central hallway plan, its non-rectangular rooms, and elaborate detailing similar to his known works.</p><br>
<p>Almost directly across the street is the Peterson-Wilbanks House and nearby is the Crawford W. Brazell House, both designed by Ivey P. Crutchfield and listed on the NRHP.</p><br>
<p>The Holabird House is a historic house on Kellog Road in Canaan, Connecticut. Built about 1740, it is one of the town&#39;s oldest surviving buildings, and a well-preserved example of Georgian architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Holabird House stands in a rural area of central western Canaan, on the northeast side of Kellog Road just north of its junction with Connecticut Route 126. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a side-gable roof, central chimney and clapboarded exterior. Its main facade is five bays wide, with symmetrical but uneven placement of the windows. The main entrance is at the center, framed by plain boards and a transom window; it is a replacement. A single-story wing of early construction extends to the rear. The interior follows a central chimney plan, with a narrow entrance vestibule that also as a winding staircase, and chambers on either side of the chimney. The original kitchen space extends behind the chimney. The downstairs and front rooms retain many original finish features; the rear rooms of the second floor have been modernized.</p><br>
<p>The oldest portion of the house, probably a three-bay section, was built about 1740 by Timothy Holabird, one of Canaans earliest settlers. The town was not organized until 1740, and Holabird is documented to have purchased this land in 1737. There is architectural evidence suggesting that both the south side of the house and the rear section housing the kitchen are later additions, although still in the colonial period. The buildings interior is markedly more elaborate than its exterior. The house is the subject of a documentary book written about 1920 by the Colonial Dames.</p><br>
<p>The Brinkley Concrete Streets are several road sections in Brinkley, Arkansas. They include one block of Ash Street , and several on New York Street . These roads are two lanes wide, and were built in 1928-29 out of concrete sections 14 ft wide and about 24 ft. They were among the first 4 mi of city streets to be paved, and followed the practice of the nearby Bankhead Highway sections, which were also built in concrete.</p><br>
<p>The roads were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.</p><br>
<p>The St. Johns Episcopal Church is a historic church at 117 Harrison Street in Camden, Arkansas. It is a large cruciform structure, built out of brick with trim of concrete cast to resemble stone. Its Gothic features include buttresses at the corners and along the sides, and pointed-arch openings for entrances and windows at the gable ends. The church was built in 1925-26 for a congregation established in 1850; it was designed by the Texarkana firm of Witt, Seibert & Halsey. It is the citys only Episcopal church.</p><br>
<p>The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.</p><br>
<p>The First Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic church building at 1115 North D Street in Fort Smith, Arkansas. It is a large limestone structure, built in a cruciform plan with a pair of towers flanking its main facade. It was built in 1901–04 to a design by William Hornor Blakely, a prominent local architect. The congregation for which it was built was formally established in 1852 by German immigrants to the area. Its first church, completed in 1869, stood nearby, and was converted to educational use by the congregation.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Sinclair Service Station is a historic automotive service station at 10782 Jacob Smart Boulevard  in Ridgeland, South Carolina, United States.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The structure is a single-story T-shaped masonry building with modest Mediterranean Revival styling. A porte-cochère projects forward, across the area that originally housed gas pumps. It was built in 1937 by the Sinclair Oil Corporation, along what was the major coastal route in South Carolina until the construction of Interstate 95. The station closed in 1978, and has since seen other commercial uses. It has been restored and now houses the Morris Center for Lowcountry Heritage. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>The Tillman School is a historic school building at 191 Cotton Hill Road  in Tillman, South Carolina. It is a single-story T-shaped brick building with Craftsman styling. Its roof has extended eaves with exposed rafter tails, and large knee brackets for support. The interior is little altered since its construction. The school was built in 1926-27 as part of a consolidation of local district schools. It was closed in 1963.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. Today it is owned by the Morris Center for Lowcountry Heritage.</p><br>
<p>The Hawkinsville Commercial and Industrial Historic District is a historic district in Georgia, United States that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>The district includes the Pulaski County Courthouse (1874) and the Hawkinsville Opera House (1907), which are both listed separately on the National Register. The layout of the commercial center of the town is on the Augusta plan, in which the courthouse is located on a main street rather than upon a central square.</p><br>
<p>It includes 92 contributing buildings, four other contributing structures, one contributing site and one contributing object.</p><br>
<h2>Photos</h2><br>
<p>Pulaski County Courthouse, Hawkinsville, GA, US.jpgPulaski County Courthouse</p><br>
<p>Opera House in Hawkinsville, GA, US.jpgHawkinsville Opera House</p><br>
<p>Hawkinsville Hotel, Hawkinsville, GA, US.jpgHawkinsville Hotel</p><br>
<p>Post Office, Hawkinsville, GA, US.jpgUS Post Office</p><br>
<p>House on Commerce St, Hawkinsville, GA, US.jpgHouse at 142 Commerce Street</p><br>
<p>Confederate Monument, Hawkinsville, GA, US.jpgConfederate memorial</p><br>
<p>The Gilmour B. and Edith Craig MacDonald House is a historic building located in Ames, Iowa, United States. It is significant for its association with G.B. MacDonald, a leading figure in the Conservation Movement in Iowa, and as a fine example of American Craftsman architecture in Ames. MacDonald was a professor of forestry at Iowa State College, later renamed Iowa State University, from 1910 until his death in 1960. He also served as Deputy State Forester from 1918 to 1935, and as the State Forester from 1935 to 1957. He played a leading role in both forestry and soil conservation, and was an advocate for the relationship between forestry and soil erosion and farming. As Iowa&#39;s director of the Emergency Conservation Work program, MacDonald oversaw the Civilian Conservation Corps camps in the 1930s, all which were involved with reforestation or soil erosion control work at one time or another.</p><br>
<p>Des Moines architect Robert G. McDowell designed the bungalow, which was completed in 1916. Appropriately, it is located on a wooded lot. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The St. James the Greater Catholic Mission is a Black Catholic church in southern Colleton County, South Carolina. The site has been used since 1833 by an African-American congregation, and is extremely rare for its remarkably intact campus.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The parish was established in 1833 by Bishop John England, after a number of local plantation owners and their slaves converted to the Catholic faith. The church was burned down in 1856, and the slavers moved away soon thereafter when their slaves were freed.</p><br>
<p>The slaves, on the other hand, largely remained and kept the faith despite the lack of a building or priest. One particularly zealous man, Vincent de Paul Davis, served as the local catechist, godfathering many young children baptized into the faith at churches in surrounding areas.</p><br>
<p>In 1892, Fr Daniel Berberich, SAC, came across the community and began to celebrate Mass for them and helped them build a new church in 1894. Soon after a school was added. The present building came in 1935.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The complex includes a shingled Gothic Revival church built in 1935, a small school building dating to 1901, and cemetery with burials dating back to 1835.</p><br>
<h2>In popular media</h2><br>
<p>A documentary on the church and its community, "We Came A Long Way By Faith: Catholic Hill and St. James the Greater Catholic Church", was released in 2020.</p><br>
<p>The Municipal Building, also known as Youth & Shelter Services, is a historic building located in Ames, Iowa, United States. It is significant for its association with the Progressive Movement reforms implemented by the city in the early 20th century. Previous to the construction of this facility in 1916 the city council, mayor, municipal offices, fire department and the police department, including the city jail and police court, were all housed in separate buildings. They were combined here in an effort to increase efficiency, professionalism, and the scope of city services. Per the Progressive Movement, all of these functions were housed in different zones in the building. The fire department was located on the backside of the building, and the archways where the fire engines doors were located are still visible.</p><br>
<p>The two-story, brick, Neoclassical style building was designed by the Des Moines architectural firm of Liebbe, Nourse & Rasmussen. It was built by J. E. Tusant of Des Moines for $37,310.</p><br>
<p>The American Spinning Company Mill No. 2 is a historic mill complex at 300 Hammett Street, in a pocket of unincorporated Greenville County, South Carolina surrounded on three sides by the city of Greenville. It is a five-story brick building, to which a number of warehouse buildings and other additions were made. It was built in 1901-02, as part of a major expansion to the American Spinning Company&#39;s Mill No. 1, which originally stood just south of Hammett Street. It was built by Oscar Sampson, a Boston textile manufacturer to a design by the industrial design firm Lockwood and Greene, and is one of thirteen early 20th-century mills surviving in the Greenville area. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. Its major tenant now is the Victor Mill Company, a furniture maker.</p><br>
<p>The James A. Fulmer House is a historic house at 303 North Main Street in Fountain Inn, South Carolina. It is a story brick building, with a side gable roof and projecting gable section on the left front. It is basically Tudor Revival in character, but also exhibits Craftsman details such as extended eaves and exposed rafter ends. Built in 1932 for a prominent businessman, it is one of the city&#39;s finest examples of Tudor Revival architecture, and a rare example of design work by Leila Ross Wilburn, one of the first female pattern-book architects.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>The Merritt-Ragan House in Hawkinsville, Georgia is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story frame house with elements of Classical Revival and Queen Anne architecture. It was built in c.1840 with symmetrical design, square paneled portico columns and other elements of Classical Revival style. It was renovated in 1895 into its two-story form, with a wrap-around porch. It has a c.1930 garage that is a second contributing building in the listing.</p><br>
<p>It is located at 15 Merritt St., which before a renumbering of the street addresses was 316 Merritt St., the address given in its NRHP listing.</p><br>
<p>The Alta Vista–Camp Fornance–Newman Park Historic District, is a predominantly residential historic district in northwestern Columbia, South Carolina. It encompasses much of the neighborhood of Earlewood, and is formed out of three separate subdivisions that were developed as streetcar suburbs in the early 20th century. The district is about 225 acre in size, and has more than 550 residences, many in architectural styles popular in the first half of the 20th century. It is roughly bounded on the east and south by the tracks of the Seaboard Air Line, the north by Earlewood Park and Lakewood Avenue, and the northwest by Darlington Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>The Davenport Bag and Paper Company Building, also known as the Peterson Bag and Paper Building, is a historic building located in downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties in 2012. In 2018 it was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and in 2019 it was included as a contributing property in the Davenport Motor Row and Industrial Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was built in 1907 for the Davenport Bag & Paper Company. The five-story building is composed of reinforced concrete blocks, and it is considered the first "fireproof" building built in the city after a 1901 fire that caused more than $1.25 million in damages and destroyed eight city blocks. The Chicago-style of architecture, which the building employs with its wide windows on the main facade, is one of the results of the technological advancements that came about after the Great Chicago Fire. The revolving door at the main entrance is rare in the Quad Cities. Davenport Bag & Paper produced paper bags, wrapping paper and flour sacks. They used the building for its entire operation, which included manufacturing and warehousing. This part of the Central Business District was home to similar facilities until World War I.</p><br>
<p>The Peterson Paper Company occupied the building by 1940. They were founded as the H.A. Morrow Company in 1907, and the Peterson family took over in 1918. They remained here until 1998 when they were bought by Great Western Supply, another Davenport company. The building sat empty until it was purchased by Manisha Baheti and Joe Erenberger who converted it into 19 apartments in 2012.</p><br>
<p>Wayside Theatre is a former regional theatre located at 7853 Main Street in Middletown, Virginia, United States. The theatre company began after businessman and philanthropist Leo M. Bernstein purchased the property, along with the nearby Wayside Inn and other buildings in the surrounding area. The building had previously operated as a movie theatre from the time it was constructed in 1946 until 1961. The professional theatre company staged its first performance in 1963 and operated for 50 years before abruptly closing in 2013 due to financial troubles. At the time of its closing, Wayside was the second oldest professional theatre in Virginia.</p><br>
<p>There is often confusion about the early history of Wayside Theatre, with most people having been told the theatre was founded in 1961 and that the original company was called the Maralarrick Players. No evidence has been found for any group by that name performing at Wayside and the first performance of the theatre company took place in June 1963, as was noted by news articles at the time. During its history, Wayside Theatre was led by eight artistic directors, the first being Larry Gleason. The last, Warner Crocker, served as artistic director for the longest period.</p><br>
<p>During its opening season, Peter Boyle was among the actors who performed at Wayside. In the following years, other actors who would eventually become stars in film, television, and on Broadway appeared at Wayside Theatre, including Chris Sarandon and his then-wife Susan Sarandon, Cathryn Damon, Donna McKechnie, Sam Gold, and Clark Middleton, among others. Kathy Bates appeared in Wayside&#39;s traveling company, Wayside Theatre on Tour, early in her career.</p><br>
<p>Most of the productions at Wayside were well received by critics. For the majority of its history, Wayside hired from the Actors&#39; Equity Association, except during periods of financial troubles in the 1980s and from 2011 until the theatre closed. The small building was not designed to be an acting theatre. There were renovations throughout the years, but a planned expansion that would have added a second theatre and additional backstage space was cancelled due to effects from the Great Recession.</p><br>
<p>The economic downturn later spiraled into a worsening financial situation for Wayside. After years of lower ticket sales, a reduction in grants and other funding, and the expenses of a needed renovation that was completed in 2008, Wayside board members closed the theatre in August 2013. Since that time, the theatre has remained mostly vacant. The building is one of many contributing properties to the Middletown Historic District, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and Virginia Landmarks Register in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Pre-theatre site history</h3><br>
<p>The site at 7853 Main Street in Middletown, Virginia was first owned by John Campbell in the late-18th century and later transferred to Jacob Danner. A building was constructed on the property which housed a tavern and store, the Danner Hotel and the Storehouse. The building later became the Shenandoah Normal School before the teaching college relocated to nearby Reliance, Virginia. In the early-20th century, the town hall and town jail, a dry cleaner, and a barbershop occupied the building. In 1941 the property was destroyed in a fire. At the time, it housed Little & Larrick’s Store, a restaurant owned by Ed Goode, and a store owned by Ed Sperry. The site remained empty for the next three years.</p><br>
<p>In 1946 Herschel C. Borden constructed the current building, which was known as the Bordon-Lee Theatre or Middletown Movie Theatre until 1961. The building was subdivided, with the first floor containing the movie theatre, a pharmacy, and a store. The second floor contained an apartment in the back of the building where Borden lived for several years. There was also an office in the front portion of the second floor where Bob O&#39;Neil practiced law. The office was later converted into another apartment. The space where the pharmacy was located later housed offices for the town government and police department. During this time the basement level housed a barbershop, a beauty shop run by a reported alcoholic who later disappeared, and an alleged betting parlor. The film projection system and theatre seats were sold to local movie theatres around two years after Joe Dwyer purchased the property in 1959.</p><br>
<p>On February 22, 1962, Dwyer sold the property to Leo M. Bernstein, a real estate developer, banker, and philanthropist from Washington, D.C. Bernstein had previously purchased and restored the nearby Wayside Inn, a historic building and the namesake of Wayside Theatre which opened as a tavern in 1797, and restored numerous other properties in the area including the Hotel Strasburg, Stonewall Jackson Museum, and Crystal Caverns in Strasburg, the Battletown Inn in Berryville, and the Burwell-Morgan Mill in Millwood.</p><br>
<h3>Theatre company</h3><br>
<h4>Opening season</h4><br>
<p>Many sources, citing the Wayside Theatres playbills, list the theatres founding taking place in 1961 as the Maralarrick Players (sometimes spelled Marralarrick Players). According to James H. Laster, a historian, retired professor, and former Wayside Theatre actor who has extensively researched the theatre&#39;s history, there is no evidence of any group named the Maralarrick Players ever performing at the building. Two possible explanations are there was a local stock company that performed in 1962 or the group was based out of the Wayside Inn, but Laster has stated: "Therefore, to date, no documentation can be located that gives any definitive information about the Marralarrick group, what they performed, the name of their director, or how they came to be in Middletown."</p><br>
<p>After Bernsteins purchase, extensive renovations took place for the building to house a theatre company. Advertisements announcing the theatres opening began appearing in newspapers in 1963 with one advertisement stating "See these Broadway shows performed by a professional New York cast, including Mitch Millers daughter Andrea Miller." The theatre opened on Tuesday night June 18, 1963, the beginning of an 11-week, 9-play season. The first play performed at the theatre, featuring members of the Actors Equity Association, was Neil Simons Come Blow Your Horn. Larry Gleason, Waysides first artistic director, had previously worked at Arena Stage and the Theater Lobby. Gleasons former coworker, Zelda Fichandler of Arena Stage, was a member of Waysides advisory board.</p><br>
<p>Attendees during the first season received a 12-page playbill. In addition to the company&#39;s biographical information, the playbill included a statement by Gleason:</p><br>
<p>Mitch Miller, who at the time hosted the television show Sing Along with Mitch, drew considerable attention from local media when he visited the area to see his daughter perform. Before the season began, Andre had served as marshall of that year&#39;s Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festival Fireman’s Parade. She and fellow actor Jane Lowry shared a room at the Wayside Inn during the season while many of the company and staff lived in apartments above the theatre.</p><br>
<p>After Come Blow Your Horn, plays performed during the 1963 season included Charley&#39;s Aunt, Summer and Smoke starring Peter Boyle and Lowry, Bus Stop, Light Up the Sky, The Fantasticks, The Drunkard, Misalliance, and Two for the Seesaw. The first year was so successful that Gleason extended the season by one month, adding four plays to the roster. Among these additions were Under the Yum-Yum Tree, Dial M For Murder, and Bell, Book and Candle. After the last performance of the season, attendees walked onto the stage to congratulate the actors.</p><br>
<h4>1964-1969</h4><br>
<p>The theatre was renovated between the 1963 and 1964 seasons. The exterior was painted white and decorative elements including shutters, awnings, urns, and a spiral staircase were added to the façade. The interior was renovated by stage designer Thomas (Tom) McKeehan. The stage was expanded, which allowed a larger array of performances, a new lighting system was installed, and additional seats were added, bringing the total seat capacity to 276.</p><br>
<p>Owen Phillips, who had previously served as production director of the Barter Theater, was named Wayside Theatre&#39;s new artistic director for the 1964 season, the first of four seasons he would lead the company. A bus tour company from Washington, D.C., offered a weekend excursion package that included a stay at the Wayside Inn, a ticket to the theatre, and meals, along with visits to Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, all for $33.25 per person. Similar to what happened in 1963, the 1964 season was extended, this time to November.</p><br>
<p>Between the 1964 and 1965 seasons a new arc spot light was installed and a grand curtain was added. A gallery featuring works from local artists was added to the second floor. Along the hallway to the gallery were photographs of previous performances at the theatre. The gallery was later moved downstairs to the space that would later become the Curtain Call Cafe in 1968, which was decorated with Tudor-style wood paneling and glass lamps.</p><br>
<p>During the remainder of the decade, the theatre&#39;s reputation grew considerably. Local media provided reviews of each new play and Bernstein assisted in promoting the inn and theatre. They would later establish the theatre program at Shenandoah College and the Shenandoah Conservatory of Music, before the two schools were merged to form Shenandoah University.</p><br>
<p>The opening night for each season was a black-tie event, often attended by notable members of the media along with government officials from Washington, D.C. Attendees at these events included journalist Merriman Smith, Senator Estes Kefauver, Dutch Ambassador Carl Willem Alwin Schurmann, and White House official James W. Symington. Special events held at the theatre during this time included a fundraiser for the restoration of Middletowns St. Thomas Chapel and a mobile art gallery outside the building featuring works donated by Paul Mellon to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. An acting workshop was also created with Phillips and the theatres actors serving as teachers. Attendees, apprentices, and locals would stage a performance at the conclusion of the workshop.</p><br>
<p>Phillips left Wayside at the conclusion of the 1967 season and returned to the Barter Theatre. Gerald Slavet was hired as the new artistic director and, like Phillips, appeared before local civic groups to advertise the theatre. Slavets group ensemble, The Garrick Players, were among the actors during his first year after the five members had been evicted from their space at Grace Episcopal Church in Washington, D.C. The 1968 season was postponed due to the assassination of Senator Robert F. Kennedy and the national observance that followed. Prior to the season opening, directed by James Waring, the theatres lighting and sound equipment had been rebuilt and Herb White, who Bernstein hired to restore the inn, also remodeled the theatre.</p><br>
<p>In addition to Boyle and Lowry, notable actors that performed at the theatre during the 1960s include Chris Sarandon and his then-wife, Susan Sarandon, Nancy Barrett and her husband, David Ford, Jerry Lacy, and Cathryn Damon. Plays performed at Wayside during this timeframe include Bye Bye Birdie, A Streetcar Named Desire, Mary, Mary, The Women, The Odd Couple, Dracula, and Who&#39;s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?.</p><br>
<h4>1970s</h4><br>
<p>Slavet continued his tenure as artistic director at Wayside Theatre into the early 1970s. In 1971 actors from Story Book Theatre, a comedic play that was running on Broadway, traveled to Middletown for a one-night only performance at the theatre. It was "the first time that members of the cast of a currently running Broadway hit, which opened to universally rave reviews, have made such an appearance simultaneously with the show&#39;s Broadway run." The actors who performed that night included Hamilton Camp, Lewis Arquette, Richard Libertini, Melinda Dillon, and Paul Sand.</p><br>
<p>That same year W. Raymond Jennings oversaw renovation work that included installation of a brick terrace, fencing, kiosk, and an outdoor seating area. One event that took place during a 1971 performance of Play It Again, Sam attracted media attention due to the attendance of a group of a few dozen inmates from a local prison. Local Rotarians had organized the outing for inmates. One of the members told a reporter "We were not motivated by any feeling of charity toward the convicts, but we saw the need, the need for any diversion from the daily bind of working on the highways, the need for communication, and the need for understanding where they stood in relation to society." Slavet directed two plays at Shenandoah College and the Shenandoah Conservatory of Music in a joint venture that saw students earn credits for drama performances. He also reportedly taught five theatre courses at nearby Lord Fairfax Community College (now Laurel Ridge Community College).</p><br>
<p>By 1972 additional staff were required at the theatre. Barbara Swink was hired as the general manager and Helen Royall as a secretary, roles both women served for several years. That year Wayside celebrated its 10-year anniversary, based on the premise the Maralarrick Players had performed in 1962, which was the subject of many news articles praising the theatre and noting its importance to the local cultural scene.</p><br>
<p>Slavet announced his resignation in early 1974, but he was convinced to stay and assist planning the upcoming season. His tenure was noted as being successful in increasing attendance, broadening community outreach, and creating the theatre&#39;s tour company, Wayside Theatre on Tour (WTOT), which existed until the early 2000s. The tour company was founded in 1971 and performed at various venues, often schools. Their 1973 season proved to be very successful, with WTOT performing at 122 locations between Virginia and New York, attended by an estimated 50,000 people.</p><br>
<p>A planned renovation of the theatre in 1974 was postponed due to the need for actor housing. In 1974 Bernstein purchased the nearby Old Dominion Motel on USA Route 11 to house the actors, a living arrangement that continued for several years. In later years actors lived in a house across the street from the theatre before a larger house down the block was purchased.</p><br>
<p>Lou Furman took over as artistic director in 1975, but his first year was not always a success. Several plays were criticized for less than stellar acting, costuming, set design, and for technical issues. One positive aspect of Furman&#39;s first year was the continued success of the WTOT, which he oversaw. His third and final year as artistic director saw Furman receive some praise, especially his choice to hire William Koch, who directed five plays during the 1977 season. Furman announced his resignation in late 1977.</p><br>
<p>James Kirkland, who previously worked at the Virginia Museum Theatre, took over the role as artistic director in January 1978. The opening play for the 1978 season, Round and Round the Garden, was directed by Davey Marlin-Jones and praised by critics. Most of the 1978 season was considered successful. In addition to Marlin-Jones, guest directors included Keith Fowler. In December 1978 the theatre presented its first performance of A Christmas Carol which proved immensely popular and became a Wayside tradition. Despite that season&#39;s positive reception, the theatre needed additional funds to remain in operation, which locals and regional groups attempted to raise. Due to high gasoline prices during the 1979 oil crisis, the theatre provided a van to pick up attendees from the Handley Library in Winchester. The decade ended with Swink retiring as general manager and Edward Steele taking over the role as artistic director.</p><br>
<p>Actors who performed at Wayside in the 1970s, in addition to the aforementioned group from Story Book Theatre, include Cara Duff-MacCormick, whose mother accepted her Theatre World Award while her daughter was performing at Wayside, future Tony Award-winner Donna McKechnie, Richard Bauer, Ken Olfson, and Tandy Cronyn, daughter of Jessica Tandy and Hume Cronyn. John Lee Beatty, who later in life won Tony Awards for scenic design, served as the theatres set designer from 1972 to 1974 and also presented a puppet show called "Puppet Personalities". Some of the plays performed at Wayside during that decade include A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, Youre a Good Man, Charlie Brown, Irma La Douce, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Once Upon a Mattress, and Hamlet.</p><br>
<h4>1980s</h4><br>
<p>One of the first things Steele had to address as new artistic director was a budget deficit. It was revealed under Kirkman, the deficit had grown from $10,000 to more than $80,000, partly because of an unsuccessful venture of planned William Shakespeare performances that proved unpopular and cost $30,000 to produce. Steele and members of the board began a fundraising campaign. It was also decided in order to cut expenses, the season would only include three plays, each performed by only two actors with minimal set designs, in addition to the annual Christmas show. WTOT continued to operate, which brought in much-needed revenue.</p><br>
<p>The 1981 season was a success, with each new play receiving acclaim from critics, despite the cost-cutting measure of hiring non-Equity performers. A new feature that began in 1981 were cabaret performances held in the Curtain Call Cafe. In recognition of Wayside&#39;s 20th anniversary, which the theatre celebrated in 1982, congratulatory messages were sent from state politicians, including Governor Chuck Robb, Senator Harry F. Byrd Jr., State Senator William Truban, and Delegate Andy Guest. The next several seasons, which saw Steele and guest director George Black both perform on stage, received praise from critics. Each season included six plays and ended with the annual Christmas series.</p><br>
<p>In 1985 Wayside hosted a two-show event at John Handley High School in Winchester, featuring Johnny Cash and his wife, June Carter Cash. A major change that took place in 1986 was Wayside once again becoming an Equity theatre, which allowed for the hiring of more experienced actors.</p><br>
<p>Owens wanted to extend the season from its standard summer schedule to nine months, but for the 1987 seasons, the schedule remained the same. One of the successful ventures that year was the Mystery Tour, also known as the Mystery Dinner-Theatre, which was extended due to popular demand. For the following season, the schedule was extended to its longest yet and light remodeling took place, including new carpeting and paint, rearranged seating, and a renovation of the cafe. Prior to the 1988 season opening performance, a reception held in the cafe was attended by Marlin-Jones and actors from The Guiding Light. Despite some good performances, the 1988 season received mixed reviews from critics.</p><br>
<p>After receiving a grant from the VCA, the theatre&#39;s company was expanded. Mark Lewis, who played Kurt Corday in The Guiding Light, also guest starred at Wayside that season. Renovations that took place before the season began include expansion of both restrooms, rearrangement of the balcony seating, and rebuilding the stage. Ornate cast-iron theatre seats dating from 1927 were also found in the basement. A fundraising campaign to restore each of the 185 seats soon began. The final season of the 1980s was well received, except for the production of Filthy Rich, which was panned by critics. Plays performed at Wayside during the 1980s include Same Time, Next Year, Deathtrap, On Golden Pond, The Glass Menagerie, Agnes of God, The Good Doctor, and Les Liaisons Dangereuses (Dangerous Liaisons).</p><br>
<h4>1990s</h4><br>
<p>The opening play of the 1990 season, Romance/Romance, featured two soap opera actors, David Buffam and Catherine Cooper, the latter having also starred in A Chorus Line on Broadway. The performances that season received praise from critics, especially Driving Miss Daisy, but it was noted in reviews from Romance/Romance, that due to sexual innuendos used in the script, "many ticketholders not only didn’t return for the second act but some left after it began." The following season began with a 30th anniversary gala held at the Wayside Inn. A major change that took place in 1991 was the schedule being changed from 10 weeks to 25 weeks, a goal of Owens, which resulted in a 20% increase in attendance. Due to continued financial constraints, the number of works performed by WTOT was reduced to one and the number of guest directors at Wayside was also reduced. Owens was often singled out in reviews that season, praising him along with the actors for a successful year.</p><br>
<p>Instead of the standard six plays performed each season in addition to the Christmas show, there were seven in 1992. A new audio system, new stage curtain, and new drapes for the stage were added that season. Amadeus was lauded by critics and is noted as being "perhaps one of the most expensive in Wayside’s history and perhaps one of the most beautiful" due to the cast of 19 actors, the almost three dozen period costumes and wigs that were used, an elaborate stage design, and music.</p><br>
<p>Due to Owens&#39; friendship with a Broadway agent associated with David Mamet, Wayside was able to stage Oleanna. An article in The Winchester Star noted "For the first time, the second-oldest theatre company in the state, will stage the first regional production of a major Broadway hit." It was also reportedly "the first time that a regional production of a play would be playing while it is still running on Broadway."</p><br>
<p>To advertise the 1994 season opening of Nunsense, two of the actors rode a scooter in that year&#39;s Apple Blossom Parade dressed as nuns. Among the productions that year was A Few Good Men, which was co-produced with Mill Mountain Theatre, the first time Wayside had staged a co-production with another company. This allowed the two theatres to split the cost of the expensive production. Later that year a champagne and chip reception was held at the Route 11 Potato Chips factory, which was located in Middletown at that time.</p><br>
<p>During the 1995 season Wayside once again joined forces with Mill Mountain Theatre, staging Forever Plaid in Middletown, before the show moved to Roanoke. The majority of productions that season received praise, a notable exception being Sherlock’s Veiled Secret. Before the 1996 season began, Wayside hosted four performances of Always Patsy Cline by the Arkansas Repertory Theatre, which took place at John Handley High School, since Waysides stage was too small for the event. It was the first and only time Wayside acted as hosts of another companys show.</p><br>
<p>During an interview before the 1996 season began, Owens was asked about how Wayside selects its actors each season. He noted around 90% of Wayside&#39;s actors were based in New York City and he would see "1,000 actors for the 60 or so slots available each summer." Many of the actors he wanted were also sought after by theatres in New York City, but two things that benefitted his search were the positive reputation Wayside had and that some actors wanted a chance to work outside of the city one summer.</p><br>
<p>The 1997 season was expanded to nine plays, with the first two being childrens theatre productions, one of which was made possible by a grant from the VCA. A bluegrass concert benefiting the theatres purchase of a new lighting system took place that year, with performances by the Lynn Morris Band and other musical acts.</p><br>
<p>Among the performances in 1997 was Pump Boys and Dinettes, which included the rear end of a Dodge car. Because there was no door in the rear of the theatre where the rear end could fit, it was brought in through the entrance and carried over the seats. During this time period, there were hopes of the theatre company moving to a new cultural center that Lord Fairfax Community College was raising funds to build. Owens noted that although Wayside only paid $1 in rent each year to Bernstein, the theatre would have stability in a new space, one that wouldn&#39;t require constant maintenance.</p><br>
<p>Owens last season as artistic director was 1998, which featured the same number of plays as the previous season, including the two childrens productions. Another black-tie fundraiser was held that year featuring Carol Channing as the guest of honor. The event was held behind the Wayside Inn and Channing entered by walking under raised swords held by students from Randolph-Macon Academy. Before the event Channing said "Im thrilled to be able to do this benefit for Wayside Theatre. Live theatre is so important to our country and has been my whole life. I think well have a great time that night and help keep professional theatre growing in Virginia."</p><br>
<p>During his first year as artistic director, Warner Crocker hired actors not only from New York City, Washington, D.C., and the local area, but also from Chicago, where he had previously worked. He initially retained the theatres staff that had worked there for many years, but soon replaced them with new hires. The first play in the 1999 season, Measure for Measure, was the first time a Shakespeare play was performed at Wayside. Some of the plays during that season receive mixed reviews, but Stonewall Jacksons House received acclaim and, according to Laster, was "one of the most meaningful, yet controversial, works ever performed during all of Wayside&#39;s history."</p><br>
<p>In addition to Jackson, actors who appeared at Wayside in the 1990s include Sam Gold, who would later become a Tony Award-winning director, Clark Middleton, David Engel, Ron Palillo, and Bart Shatto. Plays performed at Wayside that decade include A Walk in the Woods, The Lion in Winter, I Hate Hamlet, Equus, Marvin&#39;s Room, The Mousetrap, and La Bête.</p><br>
<h4>2000s</h4><br>
<p>In early 2000 a fire destroyed one of the houses near the theatre where some visiting actors stayed. Around that same time Wayside began to host stage readings by theatre staff and locals that took place on weekends from January to April, a new venture that was repeated the following two years. The regular season was well received, with much praise for the staging of Talleys Folly and Steel Magnolias. In September 2000 another fundraising event was held for the theatre, with special guests The Drifters. The following year Crocker gave an interview where he noted the financial changes that took place since he took over as artistic director: the theatre retiring its $85,000 debt, reducing the annual budget from $500,000 to $400,000 which included hiring non-union actors in addition to Equity actors, extending the theatres season, and hosting acting classes for children on Mondays, the traditional "dark day" for theatre. He also noted the theatres mission had changed from being "strictly professional" to a "community-based professional theatre." In 2001 Bernstein donated $60,000 for renovation costs of the theatres electrical, heating, and air conditioning systems.</p><br>
<p>Waysides schedule was dramatically changed beginning in 2002. Crocker told a reporter "Because of the increase in subscription sales...the theatre is expanding its 2002 season with two more shows and monthly theatre activities...There will be entertainment at Wayside Theatre for 44 of this years 52 weeks." The expanded season included performances in the Curtain Call Cafe and children&#39;s theatre. Among the performances that season was a benefit for Beth El Congregation in Winchester. That year Wayside received a $41,000 grant from the VCA to cover expenses and educational outreach. Despite the grant, after state funding was cut, the number of staff and interns was reduced from 20 to 12.</p><br>
<p>Starting in 2003, Waysides seasons began running into the following year, due to the change of year-round activities. The 2003/2004 season began with the theatre having around 1,000 season subscriptions. The Wayside Foundation of American History and Arts donated the buildings deed to the theatre company along with a gift of $100,000. The 2003 staging of The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (Abridged) and Cotton Patch Gospel were among the plays that were praised by critics. The following year Wayside hosted its first production performed at the theatre about Patsy Cline, a native of Winchester, titled A Closer Walk with Patsy Cline.</p><br>
<p>In 2003 there was a proposal to expand the theatre by adding 7,000 sq ft (650 sq m) of additional space, including a 90-seat black box theater and more dressing rooms. The new space would be located behind the current theatre, fronting Second Street. After initial plans were announced, the fourth-grade class from Middletown Elementary School raised $521 for the project. The class was honored in the Sidewalk of Fame, engraved bricks outside the theatre that was started as a fundraising campaign in 2003. Plans for the expansion were submitted in front of the Middletown Planning Commission in 2004. Crocker told the commission the benefit of Wayside having two performance spaces would be the ability to stage more productions, including children&#39;s theatre and experimental plays.</p><br>
<p>The 2004/2005 season was changed to premiere in June 2004 to align with the scheduling of other regional theatres. During that year&#39;s opening night, the theatre was renamed The Leo M. Bernstein Wayside Theatre, but the name was soon changed back. Among the plays staged in 2004 was Robert E. Lee and John Brown, Lighting the Fuse, written by Crocker, that included lectures beforehand, including ones by historians Merrill D. Peterson and Mark Snell.</p><br>
<p>Plans for the theatres expansion continued into 2006, with management announcing they had received donations and funding commitments of around $600,000 since 2004. That was less than half of what the expected costs would be. Revenue from tickets sales had climbed to $425,000 each year, but that only covered around 60% of expenses. The remainder was funded by grants, donations, and fundraising activities. On November 26, 2006, a groundbreaking ceremony took place behind the theatre. At that point around $700,000 had been raised for the project. The scene shop and another outbuilding were demolished to clear the land. Construction was slated to begin the following year, but due to stalled funding, an increase in the theatres debt, and the economic downturn, the expansion never took place.</p><br>
<p>To prepare its patrons for an upcoming renovation that would require the theatre to temporarily close, Wayside hosted two Christmas shows in 2006, A Christmas Story in Middletown and Sanders Family Christmas at the Old Town Events Center in Winchester. The 2007/2008 season didnt take place in Middletown due to the $650,000 renovation happening at the theatre. Changes to the theatre included enlarging the stage by expanding the back portion of the building, renovating the bathrooms, new lighting, new plumbing, new seats, and new roof support beams. While the renovation was taking place, Waysides performances were held at the Royal Phoenix, a former office building for Avtex Fibers in Front Royal, and the Glaize Studio Theatre at Shenandoah University. Despite these temporary changes, the plays during this time were well received, but ticket sales dropped by around 45% due to the relocations. It was hoped the Royal Phoenix space could become a permanent second location for the theatre, but like the expansion project, this never occurred due to finances.</p><br>
<p>Performances returned to Wayside for the 2008/2009 season. The Great Recession began taking its toll on the theatre with lower ticket sales. One way management reduced expenses was by replacing the staging of Lies and Legends, the Songs and Stories of Harry Chapin, which would have involved paying a large sum in royalties, with Southern Crossroads, created by Crocker and Steve Przybylski. Among the plays to receive praise that season were The Gin Game and Buddy: The Buddy Holly Story.</p><br>
<p>Actors who appeared at Wayside in the 2000s include Lonnie Burr, one of the original Mousketeers. Plays performed at Wayside during the 2000s include All I Really Need to Know I Learned in Kindergarten, Laughter on the 23rd Floor, The Spitfire Grill (musical), Othello, and Man of La Mancha.</p><br>
<h4>2010s</h4><br>
<p>Due to the lingering effects of the Great Recession, ticket sales for the 2010/2011 season continued to decline and Waysides financial struggles worsened. In 2010 theatre officials held public meetings to inform locals of the financial issues and a fundraising event at Lord Fairfax Community College took place. There was also uncertainty about the theatres future after Bernsteins death when his family began selling his properties in Strasburg and Middletown, including the Wayside Inn. Although the theatre was no longer owned by Bernstein, its connection to the inn worried locals. Despite the financial constraints, the theatre was still able to stage a number of well-received plays, including Groucho and Dead Mans Cell Phone.</p><br>
<p>By the start of the 2011/2012 season, Waysides debt stood at $900,000. Management was only able to raise $106,225 during an emergency fundraising campaign. Money-saving measures followed including firing two staff members and, similar to Waysides 1980s financial crisis, the theatre ended its affiliation with the Actors Equity Association. The theatre celebrated its 50th anniversary (based on the premise it opened in 1961) before the 2011-2012 began, despite questions in the press about whether or not Wayside would continue to operate. Before the season opener, it was announced that following a $100,000 donation by James R. Wilkins, the theatres auditorium had been renamed in his honor. The success of Waysides annual Christmas play and a well-attended staging of Greater Tuna in 2012 did help alleviate some financial stress, but the theatres debt remained high.</p><br>
<p>During the first half of the 2012/2013 season, ticket sales were substantially less than expected. This included the annual Christmas play, traditionally a financial boon for the theatre. In January 2013 Crocker announced the theatre may close if it didnt raise $90,000 within the next 90 days. Another warning sign was that subscriptions for the 2013/2014 were not being sold. Despite the announcement of Waysides potential closure, one reporter noted after seeing Smoke on the Mountain: Homecoming: "no one could tell a dark cloud looms over the theater on Main Street of Middletown with the excellent acting and musical performance of the cast."</p><br>
<p>A few weeks after Crocker&#39;s plea, he said the theatre had received over $30,000 in donations. By March he announced Wayside had raised almost $86,000 and, not only would the theatre remain open, plans were being made for the 2013/2014 season and fundraising events would take place that June and December.</p><br>
<p>The 2013/2014 season started with Church Basement Ladies in June 2013 followed by Boeing-Boeing in July. During the rehearsals of Boeing-Boeing, members of Waysides board informed Crocker his employment was terminated. He was allowed to continue rehearsals for the play, and on opening night, Crocker informed everyone it would be the last play hed direct at Wayside. Boeing-Boeing was intended to run until August 11, but during rehearsals of the next planned production, I Love You, You&#39;re Perfect, Now Change, board members announced Wayside was $1 million in debt and would close effective immediately. Local business owners began to worry about the rippling effect it could cause. At that time of its closing, Wayside was the second oldest professional theatre company in Virginia, with the Barter Theatre being the oldest.</p><br>
<p>After the theatre closed, the Wayside Foundation for the Arts donated memorabilia to the Handley Library. The interior of the theatre was gutted and the mens bathroom was renovated into kitchen space for a short-lived brewery. A website chronicling the theatres history was created by Laster, which The Northern Virginia Daily called "the answer to a years-long effort to unearth the history of Wayside Theatre and prevent the disappearance of its stories from the collective consciousness."</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The brick building measures 11,853 sq ft (1,110 sq m) and is two-stories tall, not including the basement level. It features six bays, a flat metal roof, and a rear shed. A portion of the façade includes a one-story porch supported by four Tuscan columns. A metal spiral staircase leading to a door on the second floor interrupts the porch. The main entrance is a set of French doors, composed of fifteen windows, flanked by sidelights. Above the main entrance are decorative wood panels. There are two other doors on the façade in addition to the set of French doors leading to the former cafe. Above this set of doors are wood panels. The side of the building has four entrances. Due to the age of the building and its architectural integrity, the former theatre is a contributing property to the Middletown Historic District, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and Virginia Landmarks Register in 2003.</p><br>
<p>Benjamin Banneker School is a historic one-room school building located at Parkville, Platte County, Missouri. It was built in 1885, and is a one-story, red brick building with gable roof. It measures approximately 34 feet by 18 feet and sits on a rubble limestone foundation with basement. It served as the primary school for African-American students until about 1902, when a new school was constructed. It has been converted to a private residence.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>Mackay Building, also known as Mackay Hall, is a historic building located on the campus of Park University at Parkville, Platte County, Missouri. It was built in 1886, and is a three-story, rock-faced limestone structure with Richardsonian Romanesque, High Victorian Gothic, and Chateauesque style design elements. It measures approximately 137 feet by 84 feet. It features a clock tower with tall spire rising in stages from a semi-detached central block, textured wall surfaces, complex roofs and towers, wall dormers, asymmetrical bays, and polychromatic color scheme.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Charles Smith Scott Memorial Observatory, also known as Park College Observatory, is a historic observatory located on the campus of Park University at Parkville, Platte County, Missouri. It was built in 1896, and is a variation of the "T"-plan observatory building style constructed of ashlar limestone blocks. It features an octagonal two-story domed tower.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. The observatory burned down in 1999 and was subsequently razed.</p><br>
<p>Frederick Krause Mini Mansion, also known as the Ben Ferrel Platte County Museum, is a historic mansion located at Platte City, Platte County, Missouri. It was built in 1882-1883 by Frederic Krause, an immigrant from Prussia. The mini mansion is a two-story, modified "T"-plan, Second Empire style red brick building with limestone corner quoins and foundation. It is topped by a mansard roof with gray-blue and rose hexagonal slate. The roof and porches are crested with ornamental cast iron work. The home is referred to as a mini mansion because it shares several architectural features with the Missouri Governors Mansion built in 1871 . An interior, bronze fireplace surround also represents similar design to the white marble one found in the Governors Mansion in Jefferson City.</p><br>
<p>The Krause mini mansion houses the Ben Ferrel Museum and genealogical and historical research room for the Platte County Historical Society known by the acronym PCHS. The Platte County Historical Society owns and operates the building which opened to the public in 1985. The museums collection presents regional history with furnishings and items donated entirely from local families and dating mainly from the mid-1800s to 1920. The museum features exhibits and other special events related to local history and the mini mansions history.</p><br>
<p>The Krause mini mansion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>TWA Administrative Offices Building is a historic office building located at Kansas City, Platte County, Missouri. It was designed by the architectural firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill and Wilson, Morris, Crain & Anderson and built between 1968 and 1971 for Trans World Airlines. It is a four-story, rectangular, Modern Movement Miesian style building. It measures 252 feet by 396 feet and is a steel frame building with a curtain wall of tinted grey-black glass separated by thin black aluminum muntins and panels of white marble. The building encompasses approximately 500,000 square feet of space.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>Weston Historic District is a national historic district located at Weston, Platte County, Missouri. The district encompasses 16 full blocks and portions of 8 additional city blocks in the central business district and surrounding residential sections of Weston. It developed between about 1840 and 1920, and includes representative examples of Federal and Late Victorian style architecture. Notable buildings include the John Maitland Home , Humphrey House, Railey Brothers Banking Building, Hull Mill, Methodist Church , old Presbyterian Church , German Evangelical Lutheran Church , Weston Baptist Church or Weston Historical Museum and Library Building, and McGhay House.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<p>Missouri District Warehouse, also known as the Weston Tobacco Warehouse and Weston Burley House No. 1, is a historic warehouse located at Weston, Platte County, Missouri. It was built in 1937, and is a sprawling, two-story, rectangular, steel-frame building sheathed with corrugated metal. It measures 125 feet by 300 feet. It was built as a loose-leaf tobacco auction warehouse and curing barn.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Bolivar Public Library, also known as the Carnegie Library of Bolivar and Polk County Genealogical Society Library, is a historic Carnegie library located at Bolivar, Polk County, Missouri. It was built in 1915, and is a 1 1/2- to two-story, rectangular, brick building with Classical Revival style design elements. It has a flat roof and three bay front facade with an elaborate center entranceway and large side window bays. It features intact terra cotta and tooled limestone ornamentation. It was funded by an $8,000 Carnegie grant from the Carnegie Foundation. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>The building no longer contains a public library. Since 2001, it has housed the offices of the Polk County Genealogical Society. The Polk County Library now operates the Bolivar Main Branch library at 1690 W. Broadway in Bolivar.</p><br>
<p>First National Bank, also known as the Adams & Mosier Real Estate Company, is a historic bank building located at Bolivar in Polk County, Missouri USA. It was built in 1907 and is a two-story, Classical Revival style buff brick building. It has a flat roof and a limestone foundation. It features Classical pilasters and a terra cotta cornice.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p><br>
<p>North Ward School, also known as the Bolivar High School and Polk County North Ward Museum, is a historic school building located at Bolivar, Polk County, Missouri. It was designed by architect Henry H. Hohenschild and built in 1903. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>It is a two-story, T-shaped, brick building with a central, four-story entrance tower flanked by slightly projecting classroom wings. It sits on a limestone block foundation and has a hipped roof. Furthermore, it features round arched and segmental arched windows. The building houses a local history museum.</p><br>
<p>George Dimmitt Memorial Hospital, also known as the Polk Community Hospital and Lakeshores Residential Center, is a historic hospital building located at Humansville, Polk County, Missouri. It was built in 1929, and is a Colonial Revival style brick building consisting of a three-story central portion flanked by two-story wings with gallery porches. The building incorporates an existing two-story brick residence with an ell. It features a wide frieze and cornice rendered in terra cotta. The building houses a residential care center for individuals with psychiatric or developmental disabilities.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>The Columbia Commercial Historic District encompasses a historically significant portion of the central business district of Columbia, South Carolina. It includes portions of three blocks of Main Street between Laurel and Hampton Streets, as well as individual buildings on adjacent streets. It includes the full length of Main Streets east side on these blocks, but only the central block  on the west side, extending slightly south of Taylor. This area best illustrates the city&#39;s commercial and economic growth for a century, from the end of the American Civil War to about 1963, with a broad diversity of architectural styles found in a small area.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014, and has twice been enlarged. Nine of the district&#39;s 36 buildings are also individually listed.</p><br>
<p>The Ames City Hall is the official seat of government for the city of Ames, Iowa, United States. The building was originally built for Ames High School. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>Ames High School</h2><br>
<p>Old Central School, which contained elementary to high school grades, was built on this property in 1887. The first building dedicated for high school use was completed across the street in 1911. The same year a second high school building was approved for the south side of Ames. As high school enrollment increased there was a need for a new high school building. Old Central School was torn down, and the Des Moines architectural firm of Tinsley, McBroom & Higgins designed the new building. Construction began in 1937 and it was completed two years later. The auditorium and gymnasium were built using a Public Works Administration grant. When the school opened, all high school students were educated here until 1967 when the present high school opened. This building became Central Junior High School.</p><br>
<h2>City Hall</h2><br>
<p>In the early 20th century the Ames city council, mayor, municipal offices, fire department and the police department, including the city jail and police court, were all housed in separate buildings. The city built the Municipal Building in 1916, which brought together all these functions in the same facility. They remained there until 1990 when the city government moved here.</p><br>
<p>The Cole Memorial Building is a historic municipal event hall in Pequot Lakes, Minnesota, United States. It was built in 1937 with New Deal funding, generating jobs and revenue for a community suffering the effects of the Great Depression. With an auditorium large enough to seat 400 people, the Cole Memorial Building served as a key venue for numerous local events. From 1941 to 1967 it was converted into a municipally-run cinema, the Lakes Theater, whose profits were channeled back into community improvements. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004 as the A.L. Cole Memorial Building for having local significance in the themes of entertainment/recreation, politics/government, and social history. It was nominated for illustrating the long-lived benefits and substantial return on investment achieved with New Deal funding.</p><br>
<p>The Cole Memorial Building now houses a senior center and a museum operated by the Pequot Lakes Historical Society.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Cole Memorial Building measures 40 by and has a full basement, a ground floor, and two small half-story attic spaces at the north and south ends. The walls are reinforced concrete with a stucco finish, though the gables are framed with vertical wood siding.</p><br>
<p>The south end of the building has a projecting gabled vestibule with a porch over the centered entrance. There is a pair of three-pane transom windows over the front door, and four tiny windows near the apex of the main gable which light the attic space. Perched atop the porch roof for most of the building&#39;s history but no longer extant was a small room serving as the projection booth.</p><br>
<p>The east and west walls are divided into six bays, most of which have pairs of six-over-six sash windows topped by three-pane fixed windows on the main floor, and glass block windows for the basement level.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the vestibule provides a staircase to the basement, a coatroom on the left, and an office on the right. A small storage room next to the office contained a ladder up to the projection booth. Beyond the vestibule the main floor was mostly open space serving as the auditorium, with a 23 by stage flanked by stairways and dressing rooms. The stage, with its proscenium arch, was lost in the buildings 1967 conversion into a senior center. The basement originally had a hallway with doors leading to a dining room, a kitchen, a furnace room, and boys and girls&#39; locker rooms with toilets and showers.</p><br>
<p>Immediately behind the building is a small pump house, which is included in the property&#39;s National Register nomination.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>The park in which Pequot Lakes Cole Memorial Building stands was donated by Fay Cole Andrus in December 1935 to be used as a public space in memory of her father, A. L. Cole, one of the towns founders and early merchants. Three months later the Pequot Commercial Club suggested that the village council take advantage of federal work relief funding to construct a recreation hall on the site. Minneapolis-based architect P. C. Bettenburg agreed to the project in advance and submitted plans to the Works Progress Administration (WPA).</p><br>
<p>The WPA was among several programs created by the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration to combat unemployment during the Great Depression by funding labor-intensive infrastructure and service projects of public benefit. As was typical, the WPA paid the workers—mostly unemployed local men plus a few key skilled workers—while the local government covered the cost of materials. These supplies and equipment were acquired from local merchants, further benefiting the area&#39;s economy.</p><br>
<p>Construction began on April 3, 1937, employing 24 full-time equivalent workers for three months. The completed Cole Memorial Building was dedicated in a ceremony on July 1. The following year the village applied for additional WPA funds to landscape the park grounds further.</p><br>
<h2>Use</h2><br>
<p>The Cole Memorial Building initially provided much-needed space for a wide variety of activities. The auditorium could seat up to 400 people, nearly the entire population of the village. The school used it for plays, speech contests, and graduation ceremonies. The village council and Sibley Township board met there, as did local Boy Scout, 4-H, American Legion, and Grange clubs. By February 1939 the village had hired a recreation director to manage activities at the hall, which included craft and game nights, an archery club, and a community forum where citizens could discuss issues of the day.</p><br>
<p>Rental fees, mostly levied on the traveling performers, were not generating enough revenue for the building&#39;s maintenance costs, however. The Pequot Commercial Club proposed converting the Cole Memorial Building into a movie theater, which would provide a steadier income. The club assumed full management in November 1939 and launched free movie screenings the following year. In 1941 the hall was modified into a first-rate cinema, with new projection equipment and cushioned chairs arranged in sloped auditorium seating. The debut movie in the refitted hall was One Foot in Heaven on December 9, 1941, followed the next week by The Maltese Falcon. Over the years the latest Hollywood movies would screen in Pequot Lakes just as they did in major cities around the nation.</p><br>
<p>Although tickets cost 12¢ or less for children and 35¢ or less for adults, the cinema proved to be a significant money-maker, bolstered by the growing numbers of summer tourists. The Commercial Club was able to self-fund maintenance and upgrades for the building while proceeds were channeled into community improvements. By mid-1953 the theater had generated $25,000 in profits that went toward a new medical clinic, street paving, the fire department, and local schools. Community groups continued to meet in the hall, and no longer had to pay any kind of rental fee.</p><br>
<h2>Later history</h2><br>
<p>The widespread adoption of television finally caused movie attendance to drop, and new local venues such as a high school auditorium reduced the Cole Memorial Buildings importance as an event space. The halls final film screening took place in August 1967. The year before a seniors club had been organized in the building, and they took the opportunity to repurpose it into a senior center. The sloping auditorium floor was removed and the stage area was converted into a kitchen and restrooms.</p><br>
<p>The basement remained largely disused for decades, but in 1997 the Pequot Lakes Historical Society organized and developed the lower level into a local history museum. Exhibits are specialized on the 1930s and 1940s, with displays on military service as well as period recreations of a local classroom, kitchen, bedroom, and general store. A display on the building&#39;s history as a movie theater includes original projection equipment and seating.</p><br>
<p>The park surrounding the building was originally much larger, with a baseball diamond to the north, but that parcel was sold off in 1983. In 2007 the historical society and the city government received a grant from the Minnesota Historical Society that allowed them to renovate the building&#39;s main floor. The hardwood floors were restored, new windows installed, interior walls painted, the kitchen improved, and an elevator installed. The building continues to be available for events.</p><br>
<p>Pulaski County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Waynesville, Pulaski County, Missouri. It was designed by architect Henry H. Hohenschild and built in 1903. It is a two-story, Romanesque Revival style, red brick building on a limestone foundation. It has Italianate style detailing including rounded arched openings.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Old Stagecoach Stop, previously known as the Tourist Hotel, Black Hotel, Johnson House, and originally the Waynesville House, is a historic hotel located in Waynesville, Pulaski County, Missouri, on the east side of the town square. It was built by William Walton McDonald in the early 1850s as a one-story, double-pen  log building. The dogtrot was soon enclosed, making it a three-room building The building served as a stagecoach stop and post office before the Civil War. The town was served by the South-Western Stage Company until the railroad traversed Pulaski County in 1869.</p><br>
<p>Waynesville was occupied by the 13th Missouri State Militia (MSM) in June 1862, under the command of Colonel Albert Sigel. The Union regiment was reorganized and renumbered as the 5th MSM in March 1863. Sigel built an earthen and wooden palisade fort on the hill overlooking the county seat town of Waynesville. Sigel commandeered McDonald&#39;s building for a post hospital. The Union soldiers occupied the town until the end of the war in 1865.</p><br>
<p>The building was purchased by Alexander Bryan in 1870, who added a second story and rear lean-to addition, transforming the small stagecoach stop/tavern into a ten-room hotel and named it the Waynesville House. The hotel was owned by a long succession owners during the next 110 years, housing soldiers during both world wars, the Korean War, and the beginning years of the Vietnam War, as well as tourists traveling Route 66.</p><br>
<p>The hotel deteriorated during the 1950s and 1960s. The owner did not make substantial improvements and the hostelry could not compete in amenities with the new motels being built in the area as a result of the nearby reopened and expanding Fort Leonard Wood. By the late-1960s, the old hotel was vacant.</p><br>
<p>Unoccupied, the building continued to deteriorate through the 1970s, its long and rich history unknown to the transient military population but valued by native residents. The old hotel, which had been known by several names during the past century, was rechristened the Old Stagecoach Stop and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>However, National Register status did not rejuvenate the building. In December 1982, the City of Waynesville issued a condemnation notice to the owner for violation of a city ordinance prohibiting “hazardous buildings.” The oldest original building in the county was in danger of being demolished.</p><br>
<p>Local citizens formed a nonprofit organization in June 1983, the Old Stagecoach Stop Foundation, to purchase the condemned building and “to preserve, restore, protect and maintain the historic structure known as the ‘Old Stagecoach Stop’ in order to permit its educational value to be appreciated by future generations; to engage in educational and charitable activities related to the Old Stagecoach Stop."</p><br>
<p>The next nine years were a series of fundraisers for the Foundation, ranging from bake sales to concerts. The original note of $50,000 for the purchase of the building was paid off in the spring of 1992. Fundraising did not cease. Interior restoration and the acquisition of the remainder of the historic property, extending to Highway 17, required more than twice the funds of the original purchase price.</p><br>
<p>Today, the old hotel is a house museum. Each of the ten rooms is restored to a period or use reflecting the buildings history. The museum is open April through September on Saturdays, 10:00 am to 4:00 pm. The Old Stagecoach Stop Foundation publishes an annual heritage newspaper about the countys history, the Old Settlers Gazette, available to readers and researchers on the Foundation&#39;s web site.</p><br>
<p>Calloway Manes Homestead, also known as Doris and Raymond Powers House, is a historic home located near Richland, Pulaski County, Missouri. It was built about 1845, and is a two-story, five-bay, frame I-house with a two-story rear ell. The front facade features a two-story porch supporting six hollow square wood columns. It is one of the oldest residences in Pulaski County.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>Onyx Cave, also known as King Cave and Boiling Springs Cave, is a historic natural cave located near Newburg, Pulaski County, Missouri. The cave consists of the main room measuring approximately 85 feet wide, 250 feet long, and 33 feet high, and two passageways. The cave features translucent cave onyx that is pure white to cream in color, some with reddish-colored banding. Formations range from the common stalactites, stalagmites, and columns, to beautiful draperies. An 8 foot by 13 foot vertical shaft was sunk in 1892 to mine the onyx.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>Unionville Square Historic District is a national historic district located at Unionville, Putnam County, Missouri. The district encompasses 61 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in the central business district of Unionville. It developed between about 1872 and 1951, and includes representative examples of Italianate and Colonial Revival style architecture. Notable buildings include the Putnam County Courthouse , O. J. Townsend Block , United States Farm Service Agency , United States Soil Conservation Service , Putnam County Library , Putnam County Historical Museum , United States Post Office , Unionville City Hall , and the Putnam County Senior Center .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Lakeville Manor is a historic residential and institutional property at 12 Elm Street and 33 Sharon Road in the Lakeville village of Salisbury, Connecticut, United States. Built in 1883, the property includes a fine Second Empire building originally housing a convent, and a school. Both buildings have been converted to conventional residential use. They were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Lakeville Manor stands south of the central portion of the village of Lakeville, on a large parcel bounded on the east by Sharon Road (Connecticut Route 41) and on the west by Elm Street. The main house faces east, but is set far west on the north side of the lot, while the former school building is set further east on the south side. The house is a large -story wood-frame structure, with a mansard roof providing a full third floor. The central portion of the roof is topped by a square cupola, and the steep portions of the roof are studded with gabled dormers. The central bay of the front facade projects, rising to a bowed mansard with a round-arched dormer. A single-story porch extends across the front, with the main entrance at the center of the projecting section. The school building is a more modest -story with vernacular Victorian styling.</p><br>
<p>The main house was built 1883, originally housing St. Josephs Convent. The school was built about the same time, and was known as St. Marys Parish School. In 1923, the property was taken over by the Connecticut Council for Catholic Women, which operated it as a summer retreat until 1968. After standing vacant for a time, the building interiors were converted for use as apartments, losing the original finishes in the school, but retaining some in the main house. In 2010 the house was converted into condominiums, with the school undergoing a similar conversion later.</p><br>
